28But Jesus turned to them and said, “Daughters of Jerusalem, do not weep for Me, but weep for yourselves and for your children. 29Look, the days are coming when people will say, ‘Blessed are the barren women, the wombs that never bore, and breasts that never nursed!’ 30At that time ‘they will say to the mountains, “Fall on us!” and to the hills, “Cover us!”’ 31For if men do these things while the tree is green, what will happen when it is dry?”Luke 23:28-31
Original language and places
Reference data from open datasets, shown as published by their sources. Word-by-word English is a literal guide, not a translation.
Verse 28
Original language (Greek)
στραφεὶς δὲ πρὸς αὐτὰς ὁ Ἰησοῦς εἶπεν· θυγατέρες Ἰερουσαλήμ, μὴ κλαίετε ἐπ᾽ ἐμέ, πλὴν ἐφ᾽ ἑαυτὰς κλαίετε καὶ ἐπὶ τὰ τέκνα ὑμῶν.
- στραφεὶςstrapheis“Having turned”Verb, 2nd aorist, passive, participle, nominative, singular, masculine · from στρέφω · “to turn” · Strong's G4762
- δὲde“then”Conjunction · from δέ · “but/and” · Strong's G1161
- πρὸςpros“to”Preposition · from πρός · “to/with” · Strong's G4314
- αὐτὰςautas“them”Personal pronoun, accusative, plural, feminine · from αὐτός · “he/she/it/self” · Strong's G0846
- ὁho“<the>”Article, nominative, singular, masculine · “the/this/who” · Strong's G3588
- ἸησοῦςIēsous“Jesus”Noun, nominative, singular, masculine · “Jesus/Joshua” · Strong's G2424G
- εἶπεν·eipen“said;”Verb, 2nd aorist, active, indicative, 3rd person singular · from ἔπω, ἐρῶ, εἶπον · “to say” · Strong's G2036
- θυγατέρεςthugateres“Daughters”Noun, vocative, plural, feminine · from θυγάτηρ · “daughter” · Strong's G2364
- Ἰερουσαλήμ,Ierousalēm“of Jerusalem,”Noun, genitive, singular, feminine · from Ἱερουσαλήμ · “Jerusalem” · Strong's G2419
- μὴmē“not”Particle, negative · from μή · “not” · Strong's G3361
- κλαίετεklaiete“do weep”Verb, present, active, imperative, 2nd person plural · from κλαίω · “to weep” · Strong's G2799
- ἐπ᾽ep᾽“for”Preposition · from ἐπί · “upon/to/against” · Strong's G1909
- ἐμέ,eme“Me myself,”Personal pronoun, 1st person, accusative, singular · from ἐγώ · “I/we” · Strong's G1473
- πλὴνplēn“but”Conjunction · from πλήν · “but/however” · Strong's G4133
- ἐφ᾽eph᾽“for”Preposition · from ἐπί · “upon/to/against” · Strong's G1909
- ἑαυτὰςhe'autas“yourselves”Reflexive pronoun, 2nd person, accusative, plural, feminine · from ἑαυτοῦ · “my/your/him-self” · Strong's G1438
- κλαίετεklaiete“do weep”Verb, present, active, imperative, 2nd person plural · from κλαίω · “to weep” · Strong's G2799
- καὶkai“and”Conjunction · from καί · “and” · Strong's G2532
- ἐπὶepi“for”Preposition · from ἐπί · “upon/to/against” · Strong's G1909
- τὰta“the”Article, accusative, plural, neuter · from ὁ · “the/this/who” · Strong's G3588
- τέκναtekna“children”Noun, accusative, plural, neuter · from τέκνον · “child” · Strong's G5043
- ὑμῶν.humōn“of you.”Personal pronoun, 2nd person, genitive, plural · from σύ · “you” · Strong's G4771
Places named in this verse
- Jerusalemsettlement · Identification: certain · Map of Jerusalem (opens OpenStreetMap) · Details about Jerusalem on OpenBible.info
Verse 29
Original language (Greek)
ὅτι ἰδοὺ ἔρχονται ἡμέραι ἐν αἷς ἐροῦσιν· μακάριαι αἱ στεῖραι καὶ αἱ κοιλίαι αἳ οὐκ ἐγέννησαν καὶ μαστοὶ οἳ οὐκ ἔθρεψαν.
- ὅτιhoti“For”Conjunction · “that/since” · Strong's G3754H
- ἰδοὺidou“behold”Interjection · from ἰδού · “look!” · Strong's G2400
- ἔρχονταιerchontai“are coming”Verb, present, middle or passive (deponent), indicative, 3rd person plural · from ἔρχομαι · “to come/go” · Strong's G2064
- ἡμέραιhēmerai“days”Noun, nominative, plural, feminine · from ἡμέρα · “day” · Strong's G2250
- ἐνen“in”Preposition · “in/on/among” · Strong's G1722
- αἷςhais“which”Relative pronoun, dative, plural, feminine · from ὅς, ἥ · “which” · Strong's G3739
- ἐροῦσιν·erousin“they will say;”Verb, future, active, indicative, 3rd person plural · from ἔπω, ἐρῶ, εἶπον · “to say” · Strong's G4483
- μακάριαιmakariai“Blessed [are]”Adjective, nominative, plural, feminine · from μακάριος · “blessed” · Strong's G3107
- αἱhai“the”Article, nominative, plural, feminine · from ὁ · “the/this/who” · Strong's G3588
- στεῖραιsteirai“barren”Noun, nominative, plural, feminine · from στεῖρα · “infertility” · Strong's G4723
- καὶkai“and”Conjunction · from καί · “and” · Strong's G2532
- αἱhai“the”Article, nominative, plural, feminine · from ὁ · “the/this/who” · Strong's G3588
- κοιλίαιkoiliai“wombs”Noun, nominative, plural, feminine · from κοιλία · “belly/womb/stomach” · Strong's G2836
- αἳhai“that”Relative pronoun, nominative, plural, feminine · from ὅς, ἥ · “which” · Strong's G3739
- οὐκouk“never”Particle, negative · from οὐ · “no” · Strong's G3756
- ἐγέννησανegennēsan“did bear”Verb, aorist, active, indicative, 3rd person plural · from γεννάω · “to beget” · Strong's G1080
- καὶkai“and”Conjunction · from καί · “and” · Strong's G2532
- μαστοὶmastoi“breasts”Noun, nominative, plural, masculine · from μαστός, μαζός · “breast” · Strong's G3149
- οἳhoi“that”Relative pronoun, nominative, plural, masculine · from ὅς, ἥ · “which” · Strong's G3739
- οὐκouk“never”Particle, negative · from οὐ · “no” · Strong's G3756
- ἔθρεψαν.ethrepsan“they feed.”Verb, aorist, active, indicative, 3rd person plural · from τρέφω · “to feed” · Strong's G5142
Verse 30
Original language (Greek)
τότε ἄρξονται λέγειν τοῖς ὄρεσιν· πέσετε ἐφ᾽ ἡμᾶς· καὶ τοῖς βουνοῖς· καλύψατε ἡμᾶς.
- τότεtote“Then”Adverb · “then” · Strong's G5119
- ἄρξονταιarxontai“They will begin”Verb, future, middle, indicative, 3rd person plural · from ἄρχω · “be first” · Strong's G0757
- λέγεινlegein“to say”Verb, present, active, infinitive · from λέγω · “to speak” · Strong's G3004G
- τοῖςtois“to the”Article, dative, plural, neuter · from ὁ · “the/this/who” · Strong's G3588
- ὄρεσιν·oresin“mountains;”Noun, dative, plural, neuter · from ὄρος · “mountain” · Strong's G3735
- πέσετεpesete“do fall”Verb, 2nd aorist, active, imperative, 2nd person plural · from πίπτω · “to collapse” · Strong's G4098
- ἐφ᾽eph᾽“upon”Preposition · from ἐπί · “upon/to/against” · Strong's G1909
- ἡμᾶς·hēmas“us;”Personal pronoun, 1st person, accusative, plural · from ἐγώ · “I/we” · Strong's G3165
- καὶkai“and”Conjunction · from καί · “and” · Strong's G2532
- τοῖςtois“to the”Article, dative, plural, masculine · from ὁ · “the/this/who” · Strong's G3588
- βουνοῖς·bounois“hills;”Noun, dative, plural, masculine · from βουνός · “hill” · Strong's G1015
- καλύψατεkalupsate“do cover”Verb, aorist, active, imperative, 2nd person plural · from καλύπτω · “to cover” · Strong's G2572
- ἡμᾶς.hēmas“us.”Personal pronoun, 1st person, accusative, plural · from ἐγώ · “I/we” · Strong's G3165
Verse 31
Original language (Greek)
ὅτι εἰ ἐν τῷ ὑγρῷ ξύλῳ ταῦτα ποιοῦσιν, ἐν τῷ ξηρῷ τί γένηται;
- ὅτιhoti“For”Conjunction · “that/since” · Strong's G3754H
- εἰei“if”Conditional · “if” · Strong's G1487G
- ἐνen“in”Preposition · “in/on/among” · Strong's G1722
- τῷtō“the”Article, dative, singular, neuter · from ὁ · “the/this/who” · Strong's G3588
- ὑγρῷhugrō“green”Adjective, dative, singular, neuter · from ὑγρός · “moist/green” · Strong's G5200
- ξύλῳxulō“tree”Noun, dative, singular, neuter · from ξύλον · “wood” · Strong's G3586
- ταῦταtauta“these things”Demonstrative pronoun, accusative, plural, neuter · from οὗτος · “this/he/she/it” · Strong's G3778
- ποιοῦσιν,poiousin“they do,”Verb, present, active, indicative, 3rd person plural · from ποιέω · “to do/make” · Strong's G4160G
- ἐνen“in”Preposition · “in/on/among” · Strong's G1722
- τῷtō“the”Article, dative, singular, neuter · from ὁ · “the/this/who” · Strong's G3588
- ξηρῷxērō“dry”Adjective, dative, singular, neuter · from ξηρός · “dried up/withered” · Strong's G3584
- τίti“what”Interrogative pronoun, nominative, singular, neuter · from τίς · “which?” · Strong's G5101
- γένηται;genētai“may happen?”Verb, 2nd aorist, middle (deponent), subjunctive, 3rd person singular · from γίνομαι · “to be” · Strong's G1096