Luke 23:28-31

28But Jesus turned to them and said, “Daughters of Jerusalem, do not weep for Me, but weep for yourselves and for your children. 29Look, the days are coming when people will say, ‘Blessed are the barren women, the wombs that never bore, and breasts that never nursed!’ 30At that time ‘they will say to the mountains, “Fall on us!” and to the hills, “Cover us!”’ 31For if men do these things while the tree is green, what will happen when it is dry?”
Luke 23:28-31
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Original language and places

Reference data from open datasets, shown as published by their sources. Word-by-word English is a literal guide, not a translation.

Verse 28

Original language (Greek)

στραφεὶς δὲ πρὸς αὐτὰς ὁ Ἰησοῦς εἶπεν· θυγατέρες Ἰερουσαλήμ, μὴ κλαίετε ἐπ᾽ ἐμέ, πλὴν ἐφ᾽ ἑαυτὰς κλαίετε καὶ ἐπὶ τὰ τέκνα ὑμῶν.

  1. στραφεὶςstrapheis“Having turned”
    Verb, 2nd aorist, passive, participle, nominative, singular, masculine · from στρέφω · “to turn” · Strong's G4762
  2. δὲde“then”
    Conjunction · from δέ · “but/and” · Strong's G1161
  3. πρὸςpros“to”
    Preposition · from πρός · “to/with” · Strong's G4314
  4. αὐτὰςautas“them”
    Personal pronoun, accusative, plural, feminine · from αὐτός · “he/she/it/self” · Strong's G0846
  5. ὁho“<the>”
    Article, nominative, singular, masculine · “the/this/who” · Strong's G3588
  6. ἸησοῦςIēsous“Jesus”
    Noun, nominative, singular, masculine · “Jesus/Joshua” · Strong's G2424G
  7. εἶπεν·eipen“said;”
    Verb, 2nd aorist, active, indicative, 3rd person singular · from ἔπω, ἐρῶ, εἶπον · “to say” · Strong's G2036
  8. θυγατέρεςthugateres“Daughters”
    Noun, vocative, plural, feminine · from θυγάτηρ · “daughter” · Strong's G2364
  9. Ἰερουσαλήμ,Ierousalēm“of Jerusalem,”
    Noun, genitive, singular, feminine · from Ἱερουσαλήμ · “Jerusalem” · Strong's G2419
  10. μὴmē“not”
    Particle, negative · from μή · “not” · Strong's G3361
  11. κλαίετεklaiete“do weep”
    Verb, present, active, imperative, 2nd person plural · from κλαίω · “to weep” · Strong's G2799
  12. ἐπ᾽ep᾽“for”
    Preposition · from ἐπί · “upon/to/against” · Strong's G1909
  13. ἐμέ,eme“Me myself,”
    Personal pronoun, 1st person, accusative, singular · from ἐγώ · “I/we” · Strong's G1473
  14. πλὴνplēn“but”
    Conjunction · from πλήν · “but/however” · Strong's G4133
  15. ἐφ᾽eph᾽“for”
    Preposition · from ἐπί · “upon/to/against” · Strong's G1909
  16. ἑαυτὰςhe'autas“yourselves”
    Reflexive pronoun, 2nd person, accusative, plural, feminine · from ἑαυτοῦ · “my/your/him-self” · Strong's G1438
  17. κλαίετεklaiete“do weep”
    Verb, present, active, imperative, 2nd person plural · from κλαίω · “to weep” · Strong's G2799
  18. καὶkai“and”
    Conjunction · from καί · “and” · Strong's G2532
  19. ἐπὶepi“for”
    Preposition · from ἐπί · “upon/to/against” · Strong's G1909
  20. τὰta“the”
    Article, accusative, plural, neuter · from ὁ · “the/this/who” · Strong's G3588
  21. τέκναtekna“children”
    Noun, accusative, plural, neuter · from τέκνον · “child” · Strong's G5043
  22. ὑμῶν.humōn“of you.”
    Personal pronoun, 2nd person, genitive, plural · from σύ · “you” · Strong's G4771
Places named in this verse

Verse 29

Original language (Greek)

ὅτι ἰδοὺ ἔρχονται ἡμέραι ἐν αἷς ἐροῦσιν· μακάριαι αἱ στεῖραι καὶ αἱ κοιλίαι αἳ οὐκ ἐγέννησαν καὶ μαστοὶ οἳ οὐκ ἔθρεψαν.

  1. ὅτιhoti“For”
    Conjunction · “that/since” · Strong's G3754H
  2. ἰδοὺidou“behold”
    Interjection · from ἰδού · “look!” · Strong's G2400
  3. ἔρχονταιerchontai“are coming”
    Verb, present, middle or passive (deponent), indicative, 3rd person plural · from ἔρχομαι · “to come/go” · Strong's G2064
  4. ἡμέραιhēmerai“days”
    Noun, nominative, plural, feminine · from ἡμέρα · “day” · Strong's G2250
  5. ἐνen“in”
    Preposition · “in/on/among” · Strong's G1722
  6. αἷςhais“which”
    Relative pronoun, dative, plural, feminine · from ὅς, ἥ · “which” · Strong's G3739
  7. ἐροῦσιν·erousin“they will say;”
    Verb, future, active, indicative, 3rd person plural · from ἔπω, ἐρῶ, εἶπον · “to say” · Strong's G4483
  8. μακάριαιmakariai“Blessed [are]”
    Adjective, nominative, plural, feminine · from μακάριος · “blessed” · Strong's G3107
  9. αἱhai“the”
    Article, nominative, plural, feminine · from ὁ · “the/this/who” · Strong's G3588
  10. στεῖραιsteirai“barren”
    Noun, nominative, plural, feminine · from στεῖρα · “infertility” · Strong's G4723
  11. καὶkai“and”
    Conjunction · from καί · “and” · Strong's G2532
  12. αἱhai“the”
    Article, nominative, plural, feminine · from ὁ · “the/this/who” · Strong's G3588
  13. κοιλίαιkoiliai“wombs”
    Noun, nominative, plural, feminine · from κοιλία · “belly/womb/stomach” · Strong's G2836
  14. αἳhai“that”
    Relative pronoun, nominative, plural, feminine · from ὅς, ἥ · “which” · Strong's G3739
  15. οὐκouk“never”
    Particle, negative · from οὐ · “no” · Strong's G3756
  16. ἐγέννησανegennēsan“did bear”
    Verb, aorist, active, indicative, 3rd person plural · from γεννάω · “to beget” · Strong's G1080
  17. καὶkai“and”
    Conjunction · from καί · “and” · Strong's G2532
  18. μαστοὶmastoi“breasts”
    Noun, nominative, plural, masculine · from μαστός, μαζός · “breast” · Strong's G3149
  19. οἳhoi“that”
    Relative pronoun, nominative, plural, masculine · from ὅς, ἥ · “which” · Strong's G3739
  20. οὐκouk“never”
    Particle, negative · from οὐ · “no” · Strong's G3756
  21. ἔθρεψαν.ethrepsan“they feed.”
    Verb, aorist, active, indicative, 3rd person plural · from τρέφω · “to feed” · Strong's G5142

Verse 30

Original language (Greek)

τότε ἄρξονται λέγειν τοῖς ὄρεσιν· πέσετε ἐφ᾽ ἡμᾶς· καὶ τοῖς βουνοῖς· καλύψατε ἡμᾶς.

  1. τότεtote“Then”
    Adverb · “then” · Strong's G5119
  2. ἄρξονταιarxontai“They will begin”
    Verb, future, middle, indicative, 3rd person plural · from ἄρχω · “be first” · Strong's G0757
  3. λέγεινlegein“to say”
    Verb, present, active, infinitive · from λέγω · “to speak” · Strong's G3004G
  4. τοῖςtois“to the”
    Article, dative, plural, neuter · from ὁ · “the/this/who” · Strong's G3588
  5. ὄρεσιν·oresin“mountains;”
    Noun, dative, plural, neuter · from ὄρος · “mountain” · Strong's G3735
  6. πέσετεpesete“do fall”
    Verb, 2nd aorist, active, imperative, 2nd person plural · from πίπτω · “to collapse” · Strong's G4098
  7. ἐφ᾽eph᾽“upon”
    Preposition · from ἐπί · “upon/to/against” · Strong's G1909
  8. ἡμᾶς·hēmas“us;”
    Personal pronoun, 1st person, accusative, plural · from ἐγώ · “I/we” · Strong's G3165
  9. καὶkai“and”
    Conjunction · from καί · “and” · Strong's G2532
  10. τοῖςtois“to the”
    Article, dative, plural, masculine · from ὁ · “the/this/who” · Strong's G3588
  11. βουνοῖς·bounois“hills;”
    Noun, dative, plural, masculine · from βουνός · “hill” · Strong's G1015
  12. καλύψατεkalupsate“do cover”
    Verb, aorist, active, imperative, 2nd person plural · from καλύπτω · “to cover” · Strong's G2572
  13. ἡμᾶς.hēmas“us.”
    Personal pronoun, 1st person, accusative, plural · from ἐγώ · “I/we” · Strong's G3165

Verse 31

Original language (Greek)

ὅτι εἰ ἐν τῷ ὑγρῷ ξύλῳ ταῦτα ποιοῦσιν, ἐν τῷ ξηρῷ τί γένηται;

  1. ὅτιhoti“For”
    Conjunction · “that/since” · Strong's G3754H
  2. εἰei“if”
    Conditional · “if” · Strong's G1487G
  3. ἐνen“in”
    Preposition · “in/on/among” · Strong's G1722
  4. τῷtō“the”
    Article, dative, singular, neuter · from ὁ · “the/this/who” · Strong's G3588
  5. ὑγρῷhugrō“green”
    Adjective, dative, singular, neuter · from ὑγρός · “moist/green” · Strong's G5200
  6. ξύλῳxulō“tree”
    Noun, dative, singular, neuter · from ξύλον · “wood” · Strong's G3586
  7. ταῦταtauta“these things”
    Demonstrative pronoun, accusative, plural, neuter · from οὗτος · “this/he/she/it” · Strong's G3778
  8. ποιοῦσιν,poiousin“they do,”
    Verb, present, active, indicative, 3rd person plural · from ποιέω · “to do/make” · Strong's G4160G
  9. ἐνen“in”
    Preposition · “in/on/among” · Strong's G1722
  10. τῷtō“the”
    Article, dative, singular, neuter · from ὁ · “the/this/who” · Strong's G3588
  11. ξηρῷxērō“dry”
    Adjective, dative, singular, neuter · from ξηρός · “dried up/withered” · Strong's G3584
  12. τίti“what”
    Interrogative pronoun, nominative, singular, neuter · from τίς · “which?” · Strong's G5101
  13. γένηται;genētai“may happen?”
    Verb, 2nd aorist, middle (deponent), subjunctive, 3rd person singular · from γίνομαι · “to be” · Strong's G1096
  • Places: OpenBible.info Bible Geocoding Data, CC BY 4.0. Coordinates from OpenStreetMap (ODbL) are left out. Source (version 7eb18a5)
  • Greek words: STEP Bible (STEPBible.org), based on work at Tyndale House, Cambridge. CC BY 4.0. Source (version ed476a8)